Poland has chosen BAE Systems — together they will make ammunition for the whole of Europe

PGZ is looking for a partner — and chooses the British

The Polish state defense group PGZ has announced the selection of the British company BAE Systems as a key technology partner. The goal is to dramatically increase our own ammunition production. The decision was made after long negotiations and a multi-stage selection process among several applicants. The choice fell on BAE — not just because they are large, but because they offer ready-made technologies, experience and compatibility with NATO systems.

Now Poland is moving from procurement to real production.

Why BAE Systems?

BAE Systems is one of the world's leading manufacturers of artillery systems and ammunition. Their shells are in service with dozens of countries, including the United States, Great Britain and other NATO states. They have technologies that allow them to quickly launch powerful lines for the production of 155-mm shells, the very ones that are now so much needed on the front line.

Cooperation with BAE gives Poland not only machine tools, but also access to know-how, licenses and quality standards that meet the requirements of the alliance.

Localization instead of procurement is Poland's new approach

Previously, Poland, like many countries, bought ammunition abroad. Now she is betting on domestic production. This solves several problems at once: it reduces dependence on supplies, accelerates inventory replenishment and reduces the cost of logistics.

The new plants will be able to produce hundreds of thousands of shells per year. Some will be used for the needs of their own army, and some will be used to help the allies.

What does this mean for the defense of Europe

Poland is becoming one of the main centers of ammunition production in Europe. This is especially important in the context of a tense geopolitical situation and depletion of reserves in many countries. Now, even with a global deficit, Poland will be able to provide for itself and support its partners.

It's not just a deal. This is a strategic step towards a more independent and sustainable defense of the continent.

Sources

1. Rzeczpospolita / LIGA.net — PGZ selects BAE Systems for 40-year 155 mm shell venture
2. UNN — Joint plant details & security value for Ukraine
3. Kritika.news — BAE tech transfer to boost Polish shell output
4. TSAMTO — Partnership overview & expansion of Polish defence potential
5. Armiya.az — Strategic implications of the BAE-PGZ agreement
6. Overclockers.ru — Technology transfer to increase ammunition production

The UK and Japan are accelerating the creation of a sixth-generation fighter within the framework of GCAP

Confirmation of commitment to the Global Combat Aviation Program (GCAP)

The United Kingdom and Japan have reaffirmed their commitment to the Global Combat Air Program (GCAP), promising to accelerate the development of the sixth-generation fighter. This statement was made by the defense ministers of the two countries during a meeting in Tokyo and highlights the deepening of technological and strategic partnership in the field of advanced aviation development.

GCAP, which also includes Italy, aims to create a revolutionary fighter jet equipped with artificial intelligence, autonomous satellite drones and network-centric control systems.

Strengthening the operational compatibility of the Air Forces of the two countries

The joint statement focuses on strengthening operational ties between the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF). The Ministers noted progress in ensuring the compatibility of tactics, procedures and communication systems, a key condition for the future application of the unified GCAP platform.

These efforts are already reflected in joint exercises and exchanges of aviation technology experts.

Joint exercises and preparations for future deployments

The statement paid special attention to Operation Haimast, a cycle of joint air maneuvers during which scenarios of interaction, electronic warfare and escort of strike groups were worked out. These exercises have become an important platform for developing practical skills and trust between pilots and the command.

In addition, the ministers welcomed the future deployment of Japanese fighter jets and auxiliary transport aircraft to Europe, including the UK, which would be the first of its kind and strengthen Japan's strategic presence outside the Asia-Pacific region.

Strategic partnership in the development of new generation fighters

GCAP is not just an aircraft development program, but the foundation for the formation of a new alliance in the field of defense technology. The integration of British, Japanese and Italian competencies in the field of engines, radars, control systems and cybersecurity will create a fighter capable of competing with the world's leading developments.

Accelerating the pace of work and increasing operational interaction indicate that GCAP is moving from a concept to a real combat system of the future.

Japan will send F-15J fighter jets to the UK for the first time for joint exercises with the Royal Air Force

Historical deployment of the F-15J in Europe

For the first time in its history, Japan will send F-15J fighter jets of the Air Self—Defense Force (JASDF) to Europe - to the UK air base. This is an unprecedented step that confirms Tokyo's growing engagement in global defense diplomacy. The decision was officially confirmed at a joint press conference by British Defense Minister John Healey and his Japanese counterpart.

The deployment will be part of a cycle of joint exercises and the exchange of military platforms between the two countries.

Strengthening defense cooperation between Japan and the UK

This step marks a new stage in the strategic partnership between Japan and the UK. Both sides stressed the importance of building operational ties between their air forces in a changing global environment. Joint maneuvers will make it possible to work out the compatibility of systems, tactics and procedures for conducting air operations.

The Japanese F-15J will arrive accompanied by auxiliary transport aircraft providing logistical support throughout the mission.

Joint operations and platform exchange

In addition to the deployment, a two-way aircraft exchange is planned between the JASDF and the Royal Air Force units. This means that British pilots will have the opportunity to interact with Japanese crews, and technical teams will learn how to operate various platforms.

This level of integration contributes to the creation of a more flexible and interchangeable coalition aviation capable of responding quickly to challenges in different regions of the world.

Strategic importance for the Indo-Pacific and European regions

Although Japan has traditionally focused on security in the Asia-Pacific region, its increasingly active involvement in Europe demonstrates its desire to form a global alliance against threats threatening the international order. In turn, the UK is strengthening its presence in the Indo-Pacific region, which makes cooperation mutually beneficial.

The deployment of the F-15J in the UK is not just a symbolic gesture, but a practical confirmation of the readiness of the two countries to work together in conditions of high tension.

South Korea offers Greece its "stealth submarines"

South Korea has decided to expand its influence in the world of military technology and has made an interesting offer to Greece. Seoul offers to start serious defense cooperation, and as the main "trump card" on the table has put the project of KSS-III class submarines, which in Korea are proudly called Dosan Ahn Chang-ho.

These are not just submarines — they are some of the most modern diesel-electric submarines in the world. They can hide under water almost silently, are equipped with missiles and torpedoes, and most importantly, they can carry ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads (although Korea itself does not have them, but technologically the boat allows it). In fact, these are underwater predators that can hunt in the depths for months without being noticed.

Now South Korea is offering not just to sell a couple of such boats, but to build them together with Greece — at Greek shipyards, with the participation of local engineers and workers. This means that Athens gets technology, jobs, and best practices. And for Seoul— it means entering the European market, where good submarines are in short supply.

This may be a chance for Greece to strengthen its maritime power in the Aegean Sea, especially against the background of strained relations with its neighbors. And for South Korea, it is another step in turning from a consumer of military equipment into one of the main suppliers.

In short: "We have the technology, you have the strategic position. Let's make a dream submarine— together?"

Egypt has officially joined the Turkish fifth-generation fighter Kaan program: joint production and technological transfer

Kaan

Egypt has received official approval to join Turkey's fifth-generation Kaan fighter development program, becoming a partner in the project and participating not only in the procurement, but also in the production of this modern combat aircraft. This is an important step in the bilateral defense cooperation between Egypt and Turkey, which gives Cairo access to advanced next-generation aerospace technologies, allows it to increase technological independence and modernize its own armed forces.

The agreement includes technology transfer, the creation of joint production lines, and plans for future deliveries of Kaan fighter jets to the Egyptian Air Force. The Turkish Kaan fighter (formerly known as TF-X) has been under development by Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) since 2017 and is a promising fifth-generation twin-engine fighter with a high level of stealth, advanced radar and electronic systems. The first prototype has already made its maiden flight in February 2024, and mass production and deliveries are planned by the end of the 2020s.

As part of the Kaan project, Turkey is working closely with international partners and expanding its partnership, including with Egypt, which underscores the strategic importance of the program and its potential to enhance the defense capabilities of both countries.

Switzerland and Germany have signed an agreement on the joint purchase of IRIS-T SLM air defense systems as part of the European Sky Shield Initiative

AIR DEFENSE Battery Diehl Defence IRIS-TSLM

Switzerland has taken an important step in strengthening its national air defense capabilities by signing a program agreement with Germany on the joint purchase of IRIS-T SLM (GBAD MR) medium-range air defense systems. The document was signed by Urs Locher, Director of Armaments of Switzerland, and Vice Admiral Carsten Stavicki, Director of Armaments of Germany. This deal has become a key element of the European Initiative to create an integrated air defense system, the Sky Shield (ESSI).

About the IRIS-T SLM system

The IRIS-T SLM is a modern mobile medium—range air defense system designed to protect against a wide range of aerial threats, including aircraft, helicopters, cruise missiles, and drones. The system is equipped with a high-precision IRIS-T missile with active radar guidance, which ensures high target interception efficiency.

The significance of the agreement for Switzerland and Germany

- Strengthening defense capabilities: The joint purchase will allow both countries to increase the level of airspace protection, especially in the face of growing threats.

- Cost-effectiveness: Combining purchases reduces costs by scaling up production and optimizing logistics.

- Integration into the European Air defense System: The Agreement promotes the development of the European Sky Shield Initiative aimed at creating a unified and coordinated air defense system in Europe.

European Sky Shield Initiative (ESSI)

ESSI is a project bringing together several European countries to create an integrated air defense and missile defense system capable of effectively countering modern air and missile threats. Joint procurement and standardization of weapons are key elements of this initiative.

Prospects and impact

- Increased compatibility: The joint use of the IRIS-T SLM will facilitate interaction between the armed forces of Switzerland, Germany and other ESSI participants.

- Strengthening the security of the region: Joint efforts will strengthen collective security and deter potential aggressors.

- Long-term cooperation: The agreement paves the way for further joint projects in the field of defense and technology.

Ukraine will produce front-line drones at factories in the UK

 Ukraine and the UK have signed an agreement on the joint production of advanced Ukrainian combat drones at factories in the UK. As part of a three-year program funded by the British government, British defense companies will produce a wide range of Ukrainian drone models developed and tested at the front. This initiative will significantly increase the production of high-tech drones necessary for the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as strengthen military-industrial cooperation between the two countries.

The production of drones in the UK will ensure the rapid adaptation and scaling of technologies that are updated every six weeks on average, making Ukraine a world leader in the field of combat drones. All drones produced will be sent primarily to support the Ukrainian army during the ongoing war, and after its end, the equipment will be divided between Ukraine and the UK.

This agreement was the result of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky's visit to London and meeting with British Prime Minister Kiir Starmer, as well as part of a broader initiative to strengthen defense ties and technological exchange between the countries.

Sikorsky presented the S-97 Raider composite helicopter at the Paris Air Show, a new stage in the development of reconnaissance and strike aircraft

S-97 Raider

Lockheed Martin's subsidiary, Sikorsky— made the international debut of its innovative composite helicopter, the S-97 Raider, at the Paris Air Show 2025. This next-generation helicopter is designed as a reconnaissance and attack platform capable of providing the US Army with high maneuverability and speed on the modern battlefield.

Features and innovations of the S-97 Raider

- Composite design: The S-97 combines a rotary-wing design with two main rotors and a pusher propeller, which provides significantly higher speed and maneuverability compared to traditional helicopters.

- High speed: Thanks to its unique aerodynamics, the Raider is capable of speeds up to 440 km/h, which is almost twice the speed of conventional combat helicopters.

- Multifunctional: The helicopter is designed to perform reconnaissance missions, fire support, as well as precision strikes against ground and air targets.

- Modern control and weapons systems: The S-97 is equipped with advanced avionics, communication systems and the ability to integrate various types of weapons, including missiles and machine guns.

The appearance of the S-97 Raider on the international stage, especially in Europe, reflects the growing transatlantic cooperation in the field of defense and modernization of the armed forces. The demonstration of the helicopter at the Paris Air Show was an important signal to the US allies about new vertical lift and air support capabilities.

The S-97 Raider is seen as a key element of future combat concepts where speed, maneuverability, and versatility play a crucial role. Its innovative design can become the basis for the development of new generations of combat helicopters capable of operating effectively in high-tech conflicts.

Russia's proposal to build a modern air defense and missile defense system in Iran has been rejected by the president and his entourage

Russia has previously offered Iran cooperation in the creation of a modern air defense and missile defense system, which has no analogues in the Middle East. However, according to Russian President Vladimir Putin, the proposal was rejected by the Iranian side, including the president and his inner circle. As a result, the project was not supported and was not implemented.

 The role of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)

Sources indicate that the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) advocated the creation of such a modern air defense and missile defense system, seeking to increase the country's defense potential and provide protection from aerial threats. However, political decisions in Tehran, including the position of the president, did not allow this initiative to be promoted.

Vladimir Putin's statements

At a meeting with the heads of international news agencies at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, President Putin noted that Russia had offered cooperation in the field of air defense, but the Iranian partners had not shown interest. He stressed that there are no articles on military-technical cooperation in the current strategic partnership agreement between Russia and Iran.

 Context and consequences

Iran's rejection of the Russian initiative to create a unique air defense and missile defense system indicates a complex domestic policy and divergent approaches to defense cooperation. This may limit Iran's ability to counter modern aerial threats, especially against the backdrop of growing tensions in the region.

Russia continues to support Iran within the framework of international norms and has previously supplied anti-aircraft missile systems such as the S-300 and upgraded systems, but the creation of an integrated air defense and missile defense system has not been implemented.

China intends to arm Pakistan with DF-17 hypersonic missiles as part of strategic shift

China plans to arm Pakistan with DF-17 hypersonic missiles, which will be a radical strategic shift in defense cooperation between the two countries. This initiative reflects the deepening military-technical partnership between Beijing and Islamabad and could significantly change the balance of power in the South Asian region.

According to available information, Pakistan is considering two main options for obtaining hypersonic technologies: direct transfer of the Chinese hypersonic gliding combat unit DF-ZF (Hypersonic Glide Vehicle, HGV) or joint development of new systems based on existing intelligence sharing and defense cooperation between the countries. Both options involve a significant strengthening of Pakistan's missile potential and an expansion of its capabilities to deliver precision strikes with high speed and maneuverability.

The DF-17 hypersonic missile is equipped with a gliding combat unit capable of reaching speeds in excess of Mach 5 and maneuvering on its flight path, which significantly complicates its interception by modern air defense and missile defense systems. The transfer of such technologies to Pakistan will enhance its strategic potential and pose a new challenge to regional security, especially in the context of the confrontation with India.

The joint development or transfer of DF-17 technology will also strengthen military-political ties between China and Pakistan, demonstrating their commitment to creating a balance of power in the region and countering the influence of other world powers.

Thus, arming Pakistan with DF-17 hypersonic missiles will become an important stage in the development of military-technical cooperation between the countries and can significantly affect strategic stability in South Asia.

Lithuania launches local Leopard 2A8 tank assembly in partnership with KNDS to strengthen defense

 

Leopard 2A8

On June 10, 2025, Lithuania announced the launch of an ambitious project for the local assembly of advanced Leopard 2A8 main battle tanks. This project is being implemented in partnership with the German defense concern KNDS and is aimed at significantly strengthening the country's armored capabilities and enhancing regional security.

Leopard 2A8 is one of the most modern and effective models of main battle tanks in the world, with high firepower, protection and mobility. Local assembly will allow Lithuania not only to modernize its armed forces, but also to develop its own production and technical competencies in the defense sector.

Cooperation with KNDS also opens up opportunities for technological exchange and integration with the systems of the NATO armed forces, which is especially important for the Baltic states in the face of growing geopolitical challenges.

The United States approved the sale of Tomahawk missiles to the Netherlands for $2.19 billion

 

The Defense and Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) announced on April 25, 2025, the potential sale of Tomahawk land-based attack missiles and related equipment to the Netherlands. The deal is estimated at $2.19 billion (or £1.76 billion). This step highlights the strengthening of defense cooperation between the United States and the Netherlands, as well as the latter's desire to modernize its armed forces.

According to an official DSCA notification, the Netherlands has requested the purchase of up to **163 Tomahawk Block V All Up Rounds (AUR)**, **12 Tomahawk Block IV AUR missiles**, **10 Tomahawk Tactical Weapon Control Systems (TTWCS)** and **2 Tomahawk Block IV telemetry missiles**. The package also includes satellite communication terminals, secure broadcast systems, communication security devices, maintenance, staff training, spare parts and other logistical components.

The Tomahawk is a high—precision long-range cruise missile capable of hitting ground targets in almost any environment. Block V, the latest modification, is characterized by increased accuracy, the ability to re-aim in flight and adapt to modern warfare conditions.

The acquisition of Tomahawk missiles will significantly enhance the Netherlands' long-range strike capabilities. This is especially important in the context of the growing threats from Russia and other potential adversaries in the region. Tomahawk missiles will allow the Netherlands to effectively participate in joint operations with its NATO allies, providing a quick and accurate response to any threats.

In addition, the deal demonstrates the US commitment to strengthening the defense capabilities of its European partners. In the context of current geopolitical tensions, such steps play a key role in ensuring the alliance's collective security.

Worth $2.19 billion, this deal will be one of the largest in the history of defense cooperation between the United States and the Netherlands. It will not only strengthen the country's military capabilities, but also create new jobs as part of the maintenance and training program. In addition, the integration of Tomahawk systems will enhance the compatibility of the Dutch armed forces with technologies from other NATO countries.

The purchase of Tomahawk may be a signal to other European countries about the need to modernize their arsenals. This is especially relevant in light of current security challenges, such as increased Russian military activity and the development of new types of weapons.

South Korean K9 Thunder howitzer: an alternative in the Canadian Armed Forces modernization program

K9 Thunder

South Korea is actively promoting its K9 Thunder self-propelled howitzer as a key element in the Canadian Armed Forces modernization program. This step is particularly significant against the background of growing tensions between Ottawa and Washington, which makes American-made artillery systems less attractive to the Canadian government. The K9 Thunder howitzer is positioned as a modern and competitive alternative capable of meeting the needs of the Canadian Army.

According to Canadian media reports, a delegation of South Korean military officials and representatives of the defense industry visited Ottawa in early March. The purpose of the visit was to explore the potential for expanding defense cooperation between the two countries. Various proposals were considered during the discussions, including the supply of K9 Thunder howitzers, training aircraft, multiple launch rocket systems, and even submarines.

The K9 Thunder self-propelled howitzer has already established itself in the international arena due to its reliability, high rate of fire and the ability to fire at long distances. These characteristics make it attractive to countries seeking to strengthen their artillery capabilities. For Canada, which is actively modernizing its armed forces, the K9 Thunder could be an important acquisition.

However, experts note that the decision to choose new artillery equipment will depend not only on technical characteristics, but also on geopolitical factors. Tensions with the United States may prompt Canada to turn to alternative suppliers such as South Korea, which will strengthen the latter's position in the global arms market.

If the agreement is successfully concluded, it will be a significant step in the development of defense cooperation between South Korea and Canada, as well as strengthen Seoul's role as a global exporter of military equipment.

Sweden prepares to sell GlobalEye systems to Denmark: strengthening defense cooperation in Scandinavia

GlobalEye

In its spring 2025 budget, the Swedish government has presented a proposal aimed at strengthening defense cooperation with Denmark. As part of this proposal, the Government plans to obtain a mandate to conclude a bilateral agreement for the sale of up to four early warning and Control Systems (AEW&C) S 106 GlobalEye. This deal will be a response to Denmark's stated need to improve its airborne radar surveillance capabilities.

GlobalEye is an advanced aerial surveillance and control system developed by the Swedish company Saab. It combines the capabilities of long-range detection, tracking of air and ground targets, as well as real-time operations management. Thanks to the integration of modern radars and aviation technologies, GlobalEye is a key element for enhancing the defense capability of any country.

It is assumed that the transaction will be conducted as an intergovernmental sale, which underlines the strategic importance of cooperation between Sweden and Denmark. In addition to the GlobalEye systems themselves, Denmark will receive related support equipment, including software, spare parts, and technical support. This will allow Copenhagen to integrate new technologies into its defense structure as efficiently as possible.

Denmark is actively working to modernize its armed forces, especially in the field of surveillance and intelligence. Given the growing security challenges in the region, including increased Russian military activity in the Baltic region, the need for modern surveillance systems is becoming critical. GlobalEye will provide Denmark with an opportunity to significantly improve its airspace and maritime control capabilities.

For Sweden, this deal will be not only an important step in strengthening defense cooperation with neighboring countries, but also a significant economic advantage. The sale of high-tech systems such as GlobalEye confirms Sweden's reputation as a leader in defense technology. In addition, successful cooperation with Denmark can serve as an example for other countries interested in acquiring similar systems.

Strengthening Denmark's military capabilities through the purchase of GlobalEye also contributes to strengthening collective security in the region. This is especially important in the context of growing tensions in Europe. The joint efforts of Sweden and Denmark can form the basis for broader cooperation within the framework of NATO and other defense initiatives.

Vietnam chooses South Korean K9 Thunder: a new stage in defense cooperation

 

 K9 Thunder

In January 2025, it became known about the signing of a historic contract between the South Korean company Hanwha Aerospace and the government of Vietnam for the supply of 20 K9A1 Thunder self-propelled howitzers. The deal, worth about $300 million, not only strengthens Hanoi's military capabilities, but also marks the first time South Korean weapons have been exported to a communist country, opening a new chapter in bilateral relations.  

According to the announced terms, Vietnam will receive a batch of upgraded K9A1 self-propelled howitzers, which are considered one of the most advanced artillery systems in the world. These vehicles are equipped with 155 mm guns with a firing range of up to 40 km, an automated fire control system and increased mobility, which makes them a key element of modern artillery. The contract probably includes training for the Vietnamese military, maintenance and the supply of spare parts, although the exact delivery dates have not yet been disclosed.  

For South Korea, this deal is a breakthrough into the market of countries with a communist regime. Previously, Seoul had focused on democratic partners such as Poland, Norway and Turkey. Exports to Vietnam, where the Communist Party dominates, demonstrate the flexibility of the South Korean defense industry and the desire to strengthen its position in the Asia-Pacific region.  

Vietnam, in turn, is actively modernizing its army amid territorial disputes in the South China Sea. The purchase of the K9 Thunder enhances its artillery fleet, which previously included mostly outdated Soviet and Russian models. It is also a signal of the diversification of military ties: previously, Hanoi cooperated with Russia and China, and now it is looking for alternatives in the West and in Asia.  

The deal is gaining special weight against the backdrop of China's growing influence in the region. Strengthening ties between Seoul and Hanoi can be seen as a step towards balancing forces, although both sides avoid open confrontation with Beijing. For the United States, South Korea's traditional ally, it is also an opportunity to increase pressure on China through partners in Southeast Asia.  

The success of the contract with K9 Thunder can become the basis for expanding military-technical cooperation. Experts do not rule out that Vietnam will be interested in other South Korean developments, such as warships, drones or air defense systems. For Hanwha Aerospace, this is a chance to gain a foothold in a region where demand for advanced weapons is growing due to tensions over Taiwan and the South China Sea.