> Yellowstone END
Showing posts with label military assistance. Show all posts
Showing posts with label military assistance. Show all posts

Friday, 27 June 2025

Russia no longer needs Iranian help for the war in Ukraine, the Financial Times reports

 

Shahed-136

Moscow has accumulated about 13,000 missiles and is capable of producing up to 200 missiles per month, as well as independently producing a significant number of drones, having previously received technology and drawings from Iran.

Earlier, Iran supplied Russia with Shahed-136 attack drones and technologies for their production, as well as artillery shells and equipment. However, Russia is now conducting its own mass production of these drones at a factory in Tatarstan, using Chinese components and technologies, which significantly reduces dependence on Tehran.

Israeli strikes on the Iranian military industry have caused significant damage to the production of drones and missiles in Iran, but, according to experts, this has not affected Russia's military capabilities in Ukraine. Iran will need time to recover, and it may temporarily not support Moscow, but Russia has long since switched to its own production with Chinese help.

Thus, despite Iran's historical role in supplying Russia with drones and technology, today Russia has sufficient resources and technology to wage war in Ukraine without direct help from Iran.

Saturday, 31 May 2025

German Ground Forces modernize M113 Panzermörser 120 mm self-propelled mortar fleet

 M113 Panzermörser 120 mm

 The German ground forces are paying attention to the development of their mortar armament. In particular, a fleet of self-propelled mortars has been built to provide fire support to infantry units. The M113 Panzermörser 120 mm self-propelled mortar, developed in the eighties based on the tracked chassis of the imported armored personnel carrier of the same name, is still in service.

Until the early eighties, there were no self-propelled mortars in the Bundeswehr's fleet of vehicles. They were armed with 81 and 120 mm caliber systems in portable/ portable design, which were transported by available vehicles. These weapons were used from the ground. In the early eighties, the ground forces took care of the issue of increasing the mobility and security of mortars and their calculations. An order has been placed for the development of a self-propelled system based on an existing base, armed with an affordable 120-mm mortar.

The American-made M113 tracked armored personnel carrier was used as the basis for the new combat vehicle. It was planned to place a 120-mm Finnish Tampella mortar with related devices and systems in the fighting compartment. Both key products were going to be taken from combat units and arsenals. The development of a new sample did not take much time. By the middle of the decade, the finished mortar had successfully passed all the necessary tests and was recommended for adoption. Soon after, mass production was launched in the interests of the Bundeswehr. The self-propelled mortar received the official designation M113 Panzermörser 120 mm.

The first mass-produced M113 Panzermörser 120 mm entered the Bundeswehr land units in 1985. This technique was assembled by equipping existing armored personnel carriers with mortars from the availability. At the same time, the contractors had to manufacture some new components and assemblies, such as a support device, ammunition stowage, etc. The production of new equipment continued until the early nineties. By this time, at least 500 M113 armored personnel carriers had been rebuilt into mortar carriers. According to calculations, this amount of equipment was supposed to meet the needs of the Bundeswehr.

The finished equipment was transferred to mortar units from infantry, motorized infantry and mountain infantry brigades. Up to 3-4 mortars were combined into a platoon; several platoons were part of a company. Mortar platoons were supposed to accompany other infantry formations and provide fire support. First of all, they had to support the battalions. The original version of the M113 Panzermörser 120 mm mortars was used until the early 2000s. Then it was decided to modernize them, aimed at improving their technical and operational characteristics. As part of the NDV 2 project (Nutzungsdauerverlängerung-2), the engine, transmission, chassis components and equipment of the driver's workplace were replaced. Armament was not affected.

The NDV 2 project made it possible to extend the service life of self-propelled mortars by several years. At the same time, it was decided to develop a new vehicle of this class and a future replacement for the M113 mortar. A promising model should have been built on a modern Wiesel 2 chassis. In addition, it was decided to return to the widespread use of mortars carried on cars.

The program of updating the fleet of vehicles and replacing old cars began in the two thousandth years. The existing M113s were gradually written off, put into reserve, or disposed of. By now, the process of abandoning the old armored vehicles is almost complete. No more than 35-40 mortars based on American armored personnel carriers remain in service. The Bundeswehr is expected to write them off in the coming years.

Several armored vehicles managed to avoid disposal. So, 15 self-propelled mortars were handed over to the Lithuanian army in the tenth years. In November 2022, the new owners sent several such vehicles to Ukraine as military aid.

The German self-propelled mortar M113 Panzermörser 120 mm was built according to the traditional scheme for such equipment. It was based on an affordable APC with a large troop compartment. All unnecessary components were removed from the machine, and a full-fledged combat compartment was organized in the amphibious compartment. It contains related devices and a mortar of an affordable model.

Serial self-propelled mortars were created on the basis of the M113A3 armored personnel carrier. Such a machine had a box-shaped body made of aluminum armor, providing bulletproof and anti-shatter protection. In the bow of the hull there was an engine compartment, behind which there was a control compartment. The fighting compartment occupied at least two thirds of the total volume of the hull.

The M113A3 was equipped with a 210 hp Detroit 6V53 diesel engine and an Allison TX-100 automatic transmission. During the NDV 2 upgrade, the vehicles received a 300 hp MTU 6V 183TC22 diesel engine and a ZF LSG 1000 transmission. The new transmission made it possible to remove the standard levers from the driver's workplace and install a more comfortable steering wheel. The undercarriage in all cases had five pairs of support rollers with a torsion bar suspension. The NDV 2 project provided for the replacement of the track chain.

In both versions, the M113 Panzermörser 120 mm had the dimensions of a basic APC. The length reached 5.1 m, width — 2.7 m, height — 2.6 t. Combat weight — not less than 12.5 t. The maximum speed on the highway exceeded 60 km/h. The car could overcome obstacles and swim.

A rotary platform for a mortar was installed in the center of the fighting compartment. Its design allowed firing into the rear hemisphere of the vehicle with horizontal aiming in the 40° sector to the right and left of the longitudinal axis. The shooting was carried out through a large hatch in the roof with two flaps. Along the sides there were stowages for ammunition for 60 rounds.

The first combat vehicles were equipped with Finnish-made Tampella mortars. Later, they switched to using similar products licensed by Rheinmetall. It was a 120-mm smoothbore muzzle-loading mortar of a standard appearance. The trunk and bipod were fixed on the support device. If necessary, they could be removed and used for shooting from the ground. In this case, a standard base plate was used, which was transported separately from the outside of the case.

The mortar could use any NATO 120mm mines. The firing range, depending on the ammunition, reached 6-6.3 km. Rate of fire — at least 5 rounds/min. An experienced crew could increase the tempo to 13-15 rpm, but only for a short time. The combat vehicle is equipped with means of communication and fire control. The SEM 52S radio station is used to receive the target designation. Since the early nineties, mortars have been equipped with MRT 86 fire control terminals, which simplified the transmission of target data. However, the guidance of the mortar is carried out manually using a standard sight and manual actuators. Modern control and automation tools have not been implemented.

The crew of the M113 Panzermörser 120 mm self-propelled mortar consists of 5 people. The driver and the commander are in the control room. The gunner's and two loader's workstations are located in the fighting compartment. For self-defense, the armored vehicle is equipped with an MG3 machine gun and a block of smoke grenade launchers. These weapons are under the command of the commander. In addition, the crew has their own small arms.

Monday, 26 May 2025

The West lifts restrictions on the range of weapons for Ukraine: prospects for the supply of Taurus missiles

Taurus

The recent statement by German Chancellor Friedrich Merz marked an important turn in Western countries' military support for Ukraine. Germany, France, the United Kingdom and the United States have officially lifted all restrictions on the range of weapons supplied to Kiev. This decision opens up new opportunities for Ukraine in defense and offensive operations, including the use of long-range missile systems such as the Taurus.

Taurus missiles are high—precision cruise missiles with a range of over 500 kilometers, capable of hitting strategic targets deep in enemy territory. Previously, Western countries limited the range of weapons in order to avoid escalation of the conflict and not provoke direct involvement of Russia. The lifting of these restrictions indicates a change in approach and a willingness to more actively support Ukraine in its defensive and offensive actions.

According to Merz, Ukraine will now be able to defend itself more effectively, including attacks on military installations in Russia. This significantly expands the tactical and strategic potential of the Ukrainian armed forces, allowing them to strike at key logistical, command and industrial centers of the enemy.

However, such a step carries risks of escalation of the conflict. The possibility of strikes deep within Russia's territory could trigger retaliatory measures, including increased military action and diplomatic escalation. Western countries, while supporting Ukraine, are simultaneously trying to balance between providing assistance and avoiding a direct military clash with Russia.

At the same time, the lifting of restrictions on the range of weapons demonstrates the determination of Western allies to support Ukraine and their willingness to adapt military assistance in accordance with current realities on the battlefield. It is also a signal to Russia that the West intends to continue and strengthen its support for Kiev.

In general, the decision to lift restrictions on the range of weapons is an important stage in the development of the conflict, which can significantly affect the dynamics of hostilities and the negotiation process.

Friday, 11 April 2025

The Times revealed Britain's secret involvement in the Ukrainian conflict

 

In April 2025, the British newspaper The Times published a high-profile investigation that shed light on deeply classified aspects of Britain's involvement in the Ukrainian conflict. The material is based on conversations with senior British military, intelligence officers and other insiders, as well as on data that has not previously been published in open sources. It turned out that London's role in the Ukrainian war was much larger than previously thought. The British authorities acted systematically, in a coordinated manner, and sometimes bypassed widespread international publicity.            

A few weeks before the start of Russia's full-scale military operation in February 2022, London secretly sent a group of several dozen military personnel to the territory of Ukraine. Their main task was to urgently train the Ukrainian defense forces in the use of British NLAW anti-tank missile systems. These portable rocket launchers were hastily delivered to Ukraine in more than two thousand units, a delivery that played a crucial role in repelling the advance of Russian armored columns in the first weeks of the conflict.          

However, the British instructors were at risk. According to sources, in a matter of days before February 24, 2022, the date of the start of its operation, the British military were urgently evacuated back to the UK. The reason was the fear that an open phase of the war would begin and the presence of British soldiers in Ukraine could provoke a diplomatic or even military escalation. Despite the departure of specialists, the operation on military assistance to Ukraine was not suspended: the supply of weapons continued, and intelligence support from the UK even intensified.Since the first days of the war, British intelligence and the Ministry of Defense have become one of the main sources of operational information for Ukraine. In particular, it was the British satellites that recorded the movements of the Russian columns, striking logistics and command posts. The UK also transmitted the coordinates of targets to Ukraine, especially in the first critical months.

In 2023, London again stepped up its involvement in the Ukrainian conflict, and at a new technological level. It was the United Kingdom that became the first country to transfer long-range Storm Shadow cruise missiles to Ukraine. These missiles, capable of hitting targets at a distance of more than 250 km, have become an important element in the strategy of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. However, the installation of these munitions on obsolete Ukrainian aircraft required not only modifications, but also complex technical settings. It was then, as it became known, that a group of British military specialists arrived in Ukraine again — this time incognito, in civilian clothes. They were engaged in re-equipping aviation, training pilots and ensuring the correct functioning of guidance and missile launch systems.            

It is noteworthy that the US participation in this aspect was much more modest. The Americans, according to sources, avoided an active presence on Ukrainian territory, fearing possible consequences in case of disclosure.             

The British, on the contrary, acted boldly and confidently, often moving around Ukrainian facilities without uniforms, in civilian suits, so as not to attract attention. Their work covered not only training and technical support, but also elements of direct tactical planning of operations.               

Since 2015, the UK has been training the Ukrainian military as part of the Operation Orbital mission. During this period, more than 22,000 servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine have been trained. However, after the outbreak of a full—scale war, the mission was reoriented - now training began to take place in the UK as part of the new Operation Interflex program. Not only the British are involved in the training of Ukrainians, but also military personnel from NATO countries — however, it is London that provides the main coordination and logistics of this process.             

Special attention in The Times investigation is paid to the period of spring–summer 2023, when the Ukrainian command was preparing a large-scale counteroffensive. By this point, the British military was already deeply involved in strategic planning. General Sir Jim Hockenhall, head of British military intelligence, and Admiral Sir Tony Radakin, chief of the British Defense Staff, personally participated in the coordination between Kiev and Washington. They provided tactical recommendations, discussed offensive routes, and facilitated the deployment of engineering and logistical solutions. Moreover, it was the British who became a kind of buffer in relations between the Ukrainian commander-in-chief Valery Zaluzhny and the Pentagon, when the United States began to be disappointed with the results of the counteroffensive.In particular, according to sources, there was growing dissatisfaction with the Ukrainian strategy in the White House and among American generals. Despite the multibillion-dollar support, the offensive actions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine did not lead to the declared results. This caused skepticism about Zaluzhny himself. At the same time, the Ukrainian commander—in-chief himself, according to The Times, was disappointed with the volume and quality of aid coming from the West, and secretly complained to the allies, primarily the United States.              

In this complex configuration, the British played the role of a liaison, establishing dialogue and smoothing out conflicts.Among other things, the British military participated in the development of ways to protect against Iranian drones, which are massively used by Russia. They helped adapt Ukrainian air defense systems to new threats, tested electronic warfare systems, and trained Ukrainian operators to use Western technology in combat.It is also known that the possibility of a long-term presence of the British military in Ukraine is being discussed.               

According to government sources, options for the deployment of a "limited contingent" for up to five years are being considered. Such a mission, according to internal plans, could provide personnel training, technical support for supplies and work on further integration of the Ukrainian army into NATO standards. However, this plan remains extremely sensitive politically and has not yet received final approval, both in London and in NATO.The published investigation by The Times was a logical continuation of the previously published material by The New York Times, which similarly described the hidden role of the United States in the Ukrainian conflict. However, the British contribution proved to be more profound, especially in terms of tactical and operational involvement.             

Thus, based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the UK acts not only as an ally of Ukraine, supplying weapons and providing training sites. She is one of the key coordinators of the fighting, forms strategies, participates in the technical modernization of weapons and influences the course of the war much more actively than is officially recognized. All this makes London one of the most influential players in the configuration of Western support for Ukraine.

Featured Post

The expected escalation of the conflict in Ukraine: Europe is strengthening its military presence, Russia is preparing retaliatory measures and an analysis of the situation as a whole

The situation around the conflict in Ukraine is expected to significantly escalate in the next 5-12 days, according to intelligence reports ...

⥥ Help the author-

- the choice is yours ⥣

The author's blog

realm

Kir Dykoff

Author

News, forecasting and analysis of the geopolitical situation in the world

Books by the author

Contact the author

Archive

Search This Blog

Labels

USA China NATO Ukraine Israel drones Russia Iran UFO Trump US Navy contract Intelligence France Lockheed Martin United States drone Germany electronic warfare South Korea Military Technology Turkey US Air Force UAV Pentagon Defense Europe Japan Putin Zelensky Syria Great Britain Middle East conflict F-35 Testing India Ministry of Defense North Korea AI Donald Trump United Kingdom BAE Systems Rheinmetall Tests UFOs Boeing Indo-Pacific Region Sweden UK Yellowstone nuclear weapons weapons California Ukrainian Armed Forces F-16 General Atomics NORWAY US U.S. Army tanks Australia British Army Spain Airstrikes Bundeswehr EU Sabotage South China Sea THAAD UAVs US Department of Defense Yellowstone supervolcano hypersonic missiles Arctic CANADA Kiev Satellite images UAP laser weapons military Analysis F-35B military cooperation DARPA EVACUATION started Hypersonic Weapons Incident Kursk Region Red Sea Romania U.S. Air Force army autonomous systems Baltic Sea Control Egypt Greece Italy KNDS Saudi Arabia Trump Administration weapon Airbus Black Sea Combat Operations Denmark FPV drones General Dynamics Los Angeles Pacific Ocean Patriot ASELSAN Alaska Armed Forces B-21 Raider Elon Musk F-35A FPV Finland Ground Forces Hamas Istanbul Thales U.S. Navy US Space Force Apocalyptic seismic Asia-Pacific region Assad CIA Gaza Strip Helicopters Hezbollah Hypersonic Missile Mexico NASA Philippines Sikorsky Support combat aircraft combat drones medium strategy Brazil British Ministry of Defense Chile Chinese Defense Budget Gaza Iron Dome Military Modernization Norinco helicopter nuclear submarine warship "Oreshnik" AUKUS Bunker Communications French Air Force Israel Defense Forces MI6 Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation Moscow Police Program Shooting Su-57 White House anti-drone systems bunkers fires military strategy missile defense system nuclear nuclear power plants test Antarctica Area 51 Black Hawk Bomber Crash French army Inauguration Kursk Protests Starlink World War II X-37B mystery Advanced Technology Algeria Ankara Anti-Drone System Biden DeepSeek Earthquake East China Sea England European Union F-22 Raptor FBI Guam Hivemind Hypersonic Israeli Navy JMSDF Lebanon London MATRIX New York P-8 Poseidon Project Secret Turkish UH-60 Black Hawk USS Harry S. Truman Ukrainian conflict Vatican War in Ukraine Washington hackers mysterious drones terrorist attack tested Apocalypse Arrest Bradley British Armed Forces British Navy Bryansk region Conclave Denver Erdogan European defense F-15 General Dynamics Electric Boat IISS Macron Microsoft Moon NORAD North Sea Pacific region Partnership Portugal Quantum Systems Robots San Andreas Submarine Fleet Symbol TRIDENT Tulsi Gabbard U.S. Marine Corps UAP / UFO USAID Ukrainian Army Ukrainian Forces Ukrainian crisis United States Space Force anti-tank weapons bombs fleet military aircraft nuclear strike plane crash plans problems special operations forces unidentified objects Air Power America Armageddon Arrow 3 Autonomous Submarine B-52 bombers Bitcoin British weapons Cape Canaveral Car Civil War Collision Congress Cuba Elohim F-18 F-35I Forecast for 2025 Future GHOST Game German Armed Forces German Ministry of Defense German company Google Hungary Iranian Army Israeli Drones Israeli-Palestinian conflict Joe Biden John F. Kennedy KNDS Germany Killing Las Vegas Leclerc XLR Libya Long Valley Mysterious Nazi Germany New York City New Zealand Polish Ministry of National Defense Russian Oil Russian forces S-97 Raider South Korean Air Force Space Force Stealth Aircraft Stryker Turkish army U.S. U.S. intelligence U.S. military US Armed Forces US Navy ship US military base US military bases USSR Volodymyr Zelensky Werner von Braun World War III Yuzhmash accident aerospace forces anti-submarine aircraft assassinations attacks contacts crashed demilitarization detonate firefighters gas pipeline global conflicts modernization program modernizing nuclear aircraft carrier pilot plane special military operation suicide drone unidentified drones unmanned helicopter "chemical fog" "five eyes" 11 books 72 hours AI Tool AI singularity AI-Powered ASSN Aga Khan Air Force Bomber Fleet Air Force Viper fleet Airport in Las Vegas Al system Al-Qaeda Alibaba Alien Alien Creatures Alien Technology American aircraft carrier American corporations American intelligence agencies American military bases Analysis and Prospects Anti-Aircraft Defense Anti-Submarine Defense Feature Apache Helicopters Apocalyptic map Arache Assassination Documents Assassination Files Atak helicopter B-1B Lancer bombers B-52H Stratofortress Battlefield is Earth Baykar Technologies Bayraktar TB2T-AI Black Death Black Hawk Helicopter Blekinge-class submarine Boeing 737 Boeing 767 British Royal Mint British intelligence officers British weapons systems CETUS Cable Break Chaos in Syria Chinese Army Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) Naval Forces Chinese Scientists Chinese cyberwar plan Chinese hacking Chinese military Chinese space station Chinese state Commercial Vessel Cyberlux Corporation Czech Tatra Defense Vehicle Drone Ship Dutch Air Force Eagle Earl Naval Weapons Base Earth's rotation East Asia Economic Transformation Electric Electromagnetic Wars Enigma Labs European country European leaders European nations European war Evacuations F-16C Viper F-18 Hornet FEMA FRP Fairford Air Base Financial support Fire Department Five Eyes Flying Discs Framework Documents Freedom of Navigation Operations (FONOP) French company Friendly Fire Future Fast Interceptors Gabriel 5 Galaxy Gas Attack Gaza Conflict Genasys Inc. General Atomics Aeronautical Systems General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS) Generation Z George W. Bush Gerald R. Ford Class Nuclear Aircraft Carriers Gerald R. Ford class German Defense Ministry Ghost UAS Global Hawk Greek Ministry of National Defense Groom Lake Guantanamo Guaranteed destruction HELP Hamas or Hezbollah Hillary Clinton Hollywood Hostage Crisis Hypersonic Milestone Hysteria IDEX Innovations Invasion Ireland Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) Israeli Defense Forces Israeli Military Israeli company Israeli forces Italian Army J. D. Vance JFK Janet KF-16 KNDS-France Kabbalah fleet Kimbаl Musk King Charles Kursk area LOWUS Leopard 2A7HU Luxury Properties Masonic symbols Meteor Military Satellite System Missile Base Moroccan Army Morocco Mystery Drones Nanotechnology Naval Strikes Nazi Collaborators Nevada Desert New World Order Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD) Nuclear Detonation Nuclear Winter Obama Orange Flag Order of Assassins Orders Oumuamua Oval Office Panic Pope Francis Pratt & Whitney Military Engines Prospects for 2025 Protecting Psyonix RFK ROMAN STYLE Reagan Airport Rheinmetall Electronics GmbH Risk of Escalation Robert Dean Robert F. Kennedy Rospotrebnadzor Royal Navy's Coastal Force Royal Swedish Navy Russia's military intelligence Russian Defense Ministry Russian Ministry of Defense Russian base Russian military base Russian military campaigns Russian naval base Russian nuclear weapons Russian propaganda Secret Operations Secret Space Program September 11 terrorist attack Sergei Lavrov Shoot Down Shot Dead Sixth-Generation Soviet Stalin Star Wars Stealth Submarines Stratofortress aircraft Stryker AFV Swedish Army Switchblade Systems Symbolic Syrian conflict T-90MS TRIDENT Drill Tank Defense Systems Taurus KEPD-350 missile Terrorist Attacks The F-35 fighters The Geopolitical Standoff The Kellogg Plan Thunderforge project Top Secret Intelligence Trump's Inauguratio Tu-95 Tucker Carlson Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) Turkish aircraft U-2 U. S. Navy U.S. Administration U.S. Capitol U.S. DoD U.S. House of Representatives U.S. Marine Corps.Japan U.S. Navy and Army U.S. Space Force U.S. Technology U.S. military bases U.S. naval air base U.S.-Ukraine UFO " SPHERE " UK MoD US Air Force Base US Army' US Army's exercises US Cybersecurity US Department of Defense Funds US Marines US Navy missile cruiser USS Gettysburg US Nuclear Arsenal Protection US President US Ramstein Air Base US Secretary of Defense US Secretary of State US Special Operations Command US-Japan alliance US-UK Strategic Collaboration USAID-sponsored USS Fitzgerald destroyer USS Harry S. Truman (CVN-75) Ukraine War Ukraine as Poland in 1939 Ukraine conflict Ukrainian President Ukrainian generals Ukrainian units Under Obama Administration United Kingdom-led Expeditionary Force United States Agency for International Development United States Navy United States and Russia Universal Flight System Unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) Vance Virginia-class Voice Control of Drones Washington State Western Europe Western intelligence Western intelligence services Yellowstone Caldera Yellowstone's volcanic Zhirinovsky airport in Houston aliens aliens to visit artificial intelligence system artillery detection blue ray carrier chip cooperate democratic globalists electromagnetic attacks escalated escalations evil aliens falsification fighter drones fleet of Humanity fleet of the Ellohim future of Ukraine genocide geopolitical trap global global challenges global effect global interest heavy aerial bombs heavy tactical jets hypersonic tests hypersonic weapon system incidents intelligence cooperation intelligence services intensified security invasion of Iraq investing jihadists laser anti-drone weapon laser technology laser weapon systems (LWS) lethal weapons liberation long-range radar detection aircraft luxury bunker massive strike mystical aircraft new drones new laser technology new weapons nuclear aircraft carriers nuclear attack nuclear crisis nuclear threats nuclear weapons control objects occupation of the Earth paradigm plane crashed planet planet Mufasail platforms red lines revolutionary technology robotics industry satellite photos secret materials sixth-generation fighter jets submarine of the Royal Navy symbolism telepathy terrorist thermobaric weapons top-secret status ultimatum underground reactor unidentified aerial phenomena unidentified aircraft unidentified drone unmanned robots unmanned stealth fighter weapons and unmanned systems

News of the hour

BREAKING NEWS

Find out your Arcana

Gematria Calculator

CALCULATE

News subscription